Why Was My Plea Deal Rejected By the Judge?

Posted on June 27, 2022 by admin

Many criminal defendants wrongly assume that when they are presented with a plea deal, they are automatically granted the deal. However, it is possible for a judge to reject a plea deal after a defendant has agreed to one. Not only can this be fusing, but it can be highly frustrating when it comes time to stand trial for sentencing.

Continue reading to learn why plea deals are commonly rejected by judges, and what you can do to appeal the plea deal denial.

Plea Bargain Lawyer Indianapolis Indiana 317-636-7514

What is a Plea Deal?

A plea deal, or bargain, is just that: an agreement between the prosecuting attorneys and the defendant’s defense attorney in which each party sacrifices something to gain something when it comes time for sentencing. Essentially, it is a compromise regarding a defendant’s charges and penalties for their crimes. In most cases, this means a defendant accepts to plead guilty to their charges in return for a lower conviction and/or more forgiving sentence.

What You Need to Know About Accepting a Plea Bargain

But here is what most criminal defendants do not know: it is not up to the prosecution and defense to use a plea bargain. Instead, plea bargains must first be approved by the courts. A judge has to determine whether or not a defendant was strong-armed in any way; and once they confirm no pressure was made, they will approve a plea bargain. However, the process and regulations for plea bargains differ from state to state.

Why Pleas Get Denied By Courts

In most cases, criminal defendants will be granted their plea deal by the court. However, it is possible for the courts to deny a plea deal presented by the prosecution, especially in the case of habitual offenders. After all, if you are being charged with your tenth DUI, it is unlikely that the court will accept a plea deal in your favor. At this point, they will be ready to punish you and use you as an example to the community.

In less egregious scenarios, plea deals can still be rejected by the judge. This may happen if the judge strongly believes that A) it is in the best interest of the community or general public, or B) the plea agreement does not sufficiently address the nature of the offense or the rights of the victims involved, if any.

How to Get Help with Your Criminal Charges In Indiana

It is important to talk to a trusted and licensed Indianapolis criminal defense attorney about Indiana plea bargains and appeal procedures. A seasoned criminal lawyer will be able to navigate all elements of your case and build you in impactful defense in favor of a lighter or even served sentence.

Are you looking for a skilled criminal defense lawyer who can get you the best outcome to your Indiana criminal charges? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to schedule a meeting with our experienced Indianapolis criminal defense law firm. We can hold meetings over the phone or in person at our Indy-based office.

Frequently Asked Questions About No Contest Pleas

Posted on June 6, 2022 by admin

Although a No Contest plea is a common alternative to a guilty or not guilty plea, it may or may not be the right choice for your criminal case. Continue below to learn what you need to know by reviewing these frequently asked questions about no contest pleas in Indiana.

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FAQS About No Contest Pleas

What is a No Contest Plea?

“No Contest”, or nolo contendere in legalese, literally translates to, “I do not wish to contend.” A No Contest plea is used as an alternative to pleading guilty or not guilty. Essentially, when a defendant chooses to plead no contest, they are neither admitting nor disputing the charges against them. Although a defendant does not admit guilt, the plea will elicit a criminal conviction in court. Accordingly, a No Contest plea is essentially the same as a guilty plea.

Many people confuse No Contest pleas to “Alford” pleas. Although nolo contendere pleas are similar to Alford pleas in that both do not admit guilt, they still accept the punishment under a guilty conviction. Under an Alford plea, a defendant is saying they are innocent, but will accept the guilty conviction and subsequent penalties. Under a nolo contendere plea, a defendant is not admitting guilt nor claiming to be innocent.

What are the Pros and Cons of Using a No Contest Plea?

There are many noted advantages of pleading no contest in a criminal case. As for benefits, nolo contendere pleas are wise in criminal cases that might also result in civil action. If a civil lawsuit were to arise, the defendant’s guilty conviction upon pleading no contest cannot be used as evidence against them. Additional benefits of a nolo contendere plea include:

▷ Lower Attorney Fees and Court Costs
▷ Shorter Trial Process
▷ Publicity/Reputation Protection
▷ Potential for Lighter Sentences
▷ Stopping Further Investigation

On the other hand, there are also some critical disadvantages of pleading no contest. First and foremost, a No Contest plea is essentially a guilty plea because it renders a guilty conviction and subsequent sentence. Basically, defendants are punished just as they would be had they entered a guilty plea. Additional disadvantages of No Contest pleas include having a conviction on your permanent.

How Do I Plead No Contest to My Criminal Charges?

Courts must grant approval before a defendant can enter a nolo contendere plea. So, your first step to determining your eligibility for pleading no contest would be to hire a criminal defense lawyer. They can arrange all the motions and paperwork asking the courts for permission to enter a No Contest plea. Some defendants will be denied.

Should I Plead No Contest to a Minor Charge?

Although they are a type of guilty plea, pleading no contest can be beneficial for you when facing minor criminal charges, especially if the prosecution is offering it in a plea deal. Most often, plea deals are used to negotiate, which is why they are also called plea bargains. Prosecution will offer a reduced charge or sentence in return for the defendant’s guilty plea, or in this case, a No Contest plea.

Do I Need a Lawyer if I Am Going to Plead No Contest?

It is important to discuss your plea options with your defense lawyer. Hopefully you choose to hire a private criminal attorney in Indianapolis, as public defenders are overloaded with cases and cannot put much time or focus on a defendant’s case like a private lawyer can. If you want the best possible outcome to your criminal case, you will need private, personal defense.

With your lawyer, you can decide which plea is the best fit for your criminal circumstance. Each case is different, and everyone’s criminal history is different, so your best options will differ from the defendant down the street. In fact, you cannot just choose a no contest plea; in most states, defendants require permission from the courts first.

Are you ready to fight your Indiana criminal charges and potential avoid having to enter a plea altogether? Contact Attorney David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to schedule a free initial consultation with a seasoned Indianapolis IN criminal defense lawyer you can trust. We also represent defendants charged in Indiana but who live in another state.

What are the Penalties for Having a Fake ID in Indiana?

Posted on May 13, 2022 by admin

Whether you are a parent of a student who was just picked up for using a fake ID, or someone under the legal drinking age entertaining the idea of obtaining one to get into local bars and make alcohol purchases, it is important for you to understand the possible penalties for being caught with a fake ID in Indiana.

Continue reading to learn what to expect after being arrested on a fake ID charge, plus what you can do to best protect your rights and your future freedoms.

Criminal Lawyer for False ID Charges Indianapolis Indiana 317-636-7514

Expected Fake ID Penalties in Indiana

False identification can come in the form of a card, like a driver’s license or state ID, as well as a federal form of identification, like a passport or passport card. Even claiming to be eighteen or twenty-one years old to a shopkeeper or bartender can result in a false identification charge in Indiana. If arrested for being in possession of or attempting to use false identification in Indiana, the expected criminal charge will be a Class C misdemeanor, which comes with a long list of possible and serious consequences.

Although the penalties for a Class C misdemeanor conviction on a fake ID charge are wide-ranging and will vary from case to case depending on the unique circumstances and criminal history of a defendant, all convicted individuals face up to 60 days in jail, plus can expect to have their driver’s license suspended for one year and be fined up to $500. It is also possible for them to be court ordered to serve community service, usually around 40 to 80 hours.

Fake ID Charges and Penalties:

⚖ Class C Misdemeanor

▸ $500 Fine
▸ Up to 60 Days in Jail
▸ 1 Year Suspended Licensed
▸ Marks on Driving Record

Why Indiana Criminal Defense is Vital After a False ID Arrest

As you can see from the penalties listed above, being convicted of a class C misdemeanor for a fake ID charge can come with some serious and lasting consequences. That is because it is considered an alcohol-related offense. In the case that you are sentenced to 60 days in jail, you face the risk of missing work pay, being terminated from your job, missing school, losing time spent with family, and all sorts of other life responsibilities and pleasures.

To avoid the maximum penalties for your criminal charges, it is critical to retain aggressive and skilled Indiana criminal defense. They can build you a strong case against your charges and reduce the severity of your penalties.

Looking for a criminal defense lawyer to fight your false ID charges in Indiana right now? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 for fast and experienced criminal defense in Indianapolis, Indiana. We represent both adolescents and adults, and can hold meetings over the phone, via video conferencing, or in person at our office.

Can Traffic Violations Be Used Against Me in Criminal Court?

Posted on April 8, 2022 by admin

After being arrested and charged with a crime in Indiana, it is common to be filled with all sorts of questions. Oftentimes, defendants begin thinking about their legal history. Many criminal defendants question if previous traffic violations and driving-related offenses will affect the outcome of their current criminal case. Fortunately, there is a pretty clear cut answer to this common inquiry.

Continue reading to learn when past traffic violations might be used against a criminal defendant during their trial, plus how to avoid the maximum penalties for your criminal charges.

Criminal Attorney Indianapolis Indiana 317-636-7514

The Difference Between Civil Court and Criminal Court

When it comes to understanding how previous traffic offenses and violations might be used against a defendant in criminal court, it is important to understand the difference between civil and criminal laws and court systems.

Civil law is the area of the American legal system that manages disputes or wrong-doings between private parties. Accordingly, civil court, also known as small claims court, deals mostly with civil cases disputing small amounts of money. Cases typically adjudicate claims regarding property damage, family law, divorce, property disputes, breach of contracts, landlord cases, wrongful terminations, personal injuries, and similar legal matters.

There are two primary types of criminal courts in the United States, state court and federal court. State courts are established by the state and may include local courts as well. Local courts are usually established by individual cities, counties, townships, or other types of common municipalities. They adjudicate cases that involve crimes that break laws set and enforced by the state (also known as state laws). In contrast, federal courts are established under the United States Constitution, and adjudicate cases that involve crimes that break laws passed by Congress.

Will Your Traffic and Driving History Have an Impact?

When it comes to traffic violations and offenses, the majority of them will fall under civil law, and therefore be dealt with in civil court. In most cases, traffic violations are dealt with at the county clerk’s office, courthouse, or the local BMV. Most of the time, violators simply need to mail in paperwork or fines to remedy any offenses. If you are somebody who has traffic violations on the record, it is not likely that they will be used for making any legal determinations during your criminal trial or sentencing.

When a Civil Case Can Become a Criminal Case

there are some traffic violations and offenses that can lead to criminal charges. In most cases, this includes offenses like, inebriated driving, drunk driving, pedestrian hit and runs, cyclist hit and runs, and causing a car accident as a result of punitive reckless driving. Not only can an offender face civil fines and penalties, but they can also be arrested and criminally charged for a DUI, leaving the scene of an accident, and more.

Are you worried about your pending criminal charges in Indiana? Contact Attorney David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to schedule a free initial consultation with a seasoned Indianapolis IN criminal defense lawyer you can trust. We also represent defendants charged in Indiana but who live in another state.

Are Federal Courts Different From State Courts?

Posted on March 29, 2022 by admin

Here in the United States of America, we have two separate types of court systems: state and federal. These two court systems are different in many ways; ways that might be important for you to know if you are currently facing misdemeanor or felony charges. Continue reading to learn how Federal court differs from state court, plus what you need to do if you are preparing to go to trial for your Indiana criminal charges.

Federal Crime Lawyers Indianapolis Indiana 317-636-7514

Federal Court Versus State Court

Federal court and state court are established quite differently. State and local court systems are established by the state. This may include cities, townships, counties, and municipalities. Federal courts were, and continue to be, established under the United States Constitution. They deal with laws that are passed by Congress and debates related to the Constitution.

Court Jurisdiction

State and federal court do not hear the same types of cases; more specifically, they are limited to which kinds of cases they are authorized to adjudicate. State courts are authorized to hear virtually all cases, except those that pertain to crimes against the United States and cases that involve certain Federal laws, such as felony offenses, Bankruptcy, immigration, copyrighting, and maritime law. These kinds of cases are heard in Federal court. Common cases heard by state and local courts include misdemeanor crimes, traffic violations, civil disputes, and similar lower-level legal matters.

Although state and Federal courts hear different types of cases, there are some cases in which both are authorized to hear. In such cases, the party has the discretion of choosing which court they wish to pursue their legal matters in.

Facing Criminal Charges?

If you are facing misdemeanor criminal charges, you are going to be tried in a local court under state law. Examples of common misdemeanor offenses adjudicated in the local court system include traffic violations, drug possession, public intoxication, drunk driving, and shoplifting. If you are facing felony charges, you will likely be tried in Federal court under Federal law. Examples of federal-level offenses include white collar crimes, trafficking, sex crimes, violent crimes, kidnapping, homicide, and terrorism.

Are you looking for a skilled criminal defense lawyer who can fight your Indiana or Federal criminal charges? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to schedule a meeting with our experienced Indianapolis criminal defense law firm. We can hold meetings over the phone or in person at our Indy-based office.

Do I Have to Let Police in My House if They Show Up With a Search Warrant?

Posted on March 22, 2022 by admin

Law enforcement can certainly be intimidating. Even if you are compelled to oblige by all their commands and requests, do you legally have to? This is a common conundrum for those who are faced with a search warrant at home. Are you required under law to let the police inside your house if they have a search warrant? What might happen if you refuse? Do you have the right to refuse and later appeal a search warrant in court?

Continue reading to learn what you should do if the cops show up at your place of residence with a valid search warrant signed by a judge or magistrate.

Arrest Warrant Lawyers Indianapolis Indiana 317-636-7514

Search Warrant Facts

In order to get a search warrant, police must submit an affidavit to a judge explaining in great detail the property to be searched, what they are looking for within the property, which property they intend to seize, which type of crime is related to the location of the search, and more. Upon approval of probable cause, a judge will sign a search warrant, which is a court order giving law enforcement authority to explore whatever property stated within the warrant decree.

Any property or areas of the home that are not specifically listed in the search warrant cannot be legally searched by police. However, there is an exception to this rule. It is known as the plain view doctrine. Basically, if something illegal is in plain sight during the process of executing a search warrant, police can further investigate that area under reasonable suspicion.

Police may have a court order to search vehicles, homes, computers, cell phones, storage units, sheds, barns, greenhouses, safes, and more. Once approved and signed by a judge, police have ten days to execute a search warrant, and they can choose to execute a search warrant any time of day or night, including times they know the property will be vacant or unsupervised.

You see, one important fact you need to know about search warrants is that most of them give police permission to search the property without the owner’s permission. Some will have a “knock and announce” rule, but most judges eliminate this rule these days. Even with the rule, there are exceptions.

So, what does all this mean for you if police show up to your home with a search warrant signed by judge? It means that you must comply or else face additional legal consequences.

Consequences of Obstructing a Search Warrant

There are serious consequences that come with obstructing a search warrant. Most often, those who refuse to allow police to come inside their home or behave in a way that is disruptive to the execution of a search warrant, can be arrested for criminal offenses like disorderly conduct, obstruction of due process, contempt of court, and much more.

If this has happened to you recently, or if you are dealing with any type of arrest or bench warrant, it is important to retain a licensed Indiana criminal defense attorney who can fight your charges and help you avoid the maximum penalties you are facing.

Are you facing criminal charges or an arrest warrant? Contact Attorney David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to speak with a seasoned criminal defense lawyer in Indianapolis, Indiana. Our legal team can help you obtain the best possible outcome to your criminal matters!

What Should I Do if I Get Pulled Over By Police?

Posted on February 18, 2022 by admin

At some point in your driving career, you are bound to be pulled over by police. It doesn’t mean that you’re guilty of a crime, or even suspected of one; but nonetheless, cop-stops and traffic violations do happen every day, so it is wise to be prepared and know how to behave if you ever look up and see those flashing emergency lights in your rear view mirror.

Being Pulled Over is Not Always a Bad Thing

It is important to keep in mind that law enforcement is out there to protect us, even if that means from ourselves. So, when you see yourself getting pulled over by police, do not panic. It is very likely that they are pulling you over for something minor, such as a broken taillight. They might be pulling you over to help you with something, like an unscrewed gas cap or dangling license plate.

Courtesy and Cooperation Will Help Your Situation

In all cases of being pulled over by police, the most important thing to remember is that good behavior goes a long way. Whether you are guilty of something or not, if you are 100% cooperative and courteous to the on-duty officer, it is very likely that you will be treated with high regard and that your best interests (including your personal time) will be made a priority by them. Cops are ultimately here to help us and protect us, and if you let them do their job, your police encounter will go by a lot faster and end with a more desirable outcome, even if you are arrested.

Cop Stop Tips

If you are ever pulled over by law enforcement, whether driver or passenger, these are the steps that you need to remember and practice to the best of your ability:

▶ Pull to the Right. Pull over to the right shoulder of the road as soon as you know police are stopping you. Do not pull over to the left side. If you cannot access the right side of the road right away, drive a few feet longer, until you have adequate space to pull over.

▶ Stay Still. Do not move from your seat after stopping. Don’t even unbuckle your seatbelt or grab your purse. Remain perfectly still with your hands on the wheel while you wait for the officer to approach your window. You can reach for your car documents when the officer asks for them.

▶ Be Very Nice. Be polite and answer the police officer’s questions with respect. Although it is up to you on how truthful you want to be with them, the most important thing is that you speak to them in a respectful tone and courteous manner. Do not raise your voice, give attitude, show anger or frustration, call them names, or accuse them of anything. Do not be confrontational in any way.

▶ Oblige the Officer. Along with being respectful and courteous, it is important to oblige the officer by making him or her more comfortable. If it’s nighttime, turn on your interior cabin lights on so that they can see you. You can also do things like turn your car engine off and turn the radio down so that you two can converse more clearly. These little actions can work in your favor.

▶ Keep Conversation Short. It is important that you don’t speak too much when conversing with the police officer, especially if you are concerned that you might be guilty of a crime or have a warrant out for your arrest. It is better to say only what you need, answering the police officer’s questions directly and concisely, but not in excess. Talking too much could cause you to give up too much information, which could potentially incriminate yourself. More importantly, do not admit to any wrongdoing.

Where you recently pulled over by police and wrongly arrested for a crime, or you suspect that your rights were violated? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 for superior and aggressive Indianapolis criminal defense you can count on. We can meet over the phone, via online video conference, or in person at our office.

Frequently Asked Questions About Jury Duty

Posted on January 27, 2022 by admin

Are you facing jury duty in Indiana? Perhaps you forgot to show up for your requested jury service? Either way, you are likely filled with questions, namely, whether you have to go. To clear up your concern or confusion, continue below to review some of the most frequently asked questions about jury duty. Then contact an Indianapolis criminal defense lawyer for more answers to your criminal law inquiries.

Criminal Law Attorney Indianapolis Indiana 317-636-7514

FAQS About Jury Duty

What is the Age Requirement for Jury Duty?

The national age requirement to be an eligible federal court juror is 18 years old. Those over 70 years of age may request to be excused from jury duty.

How Did the Courts Get My Information?

It varies from state to state. Check with your county clerk’s office for information about how your city gets your information for jury duty. For example, in Indiana, they use the State’s voter registration and Supreme Court’s Jury List to find prospective jurors.

Is Jury Duty Mandatory?

Yes, jury duty is mandatory, and you must attend; however, it is not technically illegal for someone to fail to appear, so there are no criminal consequences.

What Happens if I Fail to Appear for Jury Duty?

If you fail to appear after receiving an official summons, there are no legal consequences or penalties. Instead, you will simply be placed back into the jury pool for future selection.

What Happens if I am Unable to Make My Jury Duty?

In the initial questionnaire (Juror Qualification Questionnaire), you are not yet being summoned. The actual summons will come at a later date, after the second questionnaire. When you get the second questionnaire (Federal Court Jury Service Questionnaire), you can list the dates you are unable to serve in Part 1, Question #7.

If you are unable to serve the majority of the one month term requested, you will need to fill out a hardship request form. If you cannot serve because of a medical condition, submit a Physician’s Statement with your initial questionnaire (Juror Qualification Questionnaire).

What is the Difference Between a Trial Jury and a Grand Jury?

Grand juries are different from trial juries because they are assembled in order to determine whether or not there is enough probable cause to persecute. They do not rule on guilt or innocence. In fact, grand juries only hear arguments from the prosecution, not the defense.

What Kind of Case Will I Be At?

Most cases are civil, but you may be at a criminal case. You won’t know anything until the juror introductory assembly.

I Served Jury Duty in a County Court Already. Why Am I Called for Jury Duty Again?

You must also serve in a federal court. Then you are exempt from jury duty.

I Already Filled Out a Questionnaire. Why Do I Have to Fill Out Another?

Sometimes the Federal Court Jury Service Questionnaire comes months after the Juror Qualification Questionnaire. And since your information could have changed in that time, they send a second questionnaire to confirm accuracy.

I Filled Out the Questionnaire, But I Forgot to Send it in Within the 10-Day Deadline. What Do I Do Now?

Just send it in as soon as possible. The courts understand people go out of town, vacation, or have other circumstances in their life, so there is no penalty, you will just be on a waiting list.

Are you afraid that you might be in contempt of court for not fulfilling your jury duties? Or do you have more criminal law questions that are unanswered? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 for skilled criminal defense for probation violations in Indianapolis. We represent juveniles and adults all throughout the state of Indiana.

Indianapolis Criminal Defense 317-636-7514 — Schedule a Free Consultation Today!

What is the Punishment for Resisting Arrest in Indiana?

Posted on December 30, 2021 by admin

After the holiday season, there are many things we are trying to resist in the New Year, like confectioneries, milkshakes, and pizza pies. But when it comes to being arrested, resisting is not something that will help you reach your goals, no matter what they may be. If you are ever confronted by the police, whether in a routine traffic stop, street stop, or home visit, it is critical to your future and your freedoms to cooperate with the authorities to the fullest extent. Failing to cooperate with the instructions or requests of law enforcement can subject you to charges of resisting arrest. There are hefty penalties for such charges upon a guilty conviction, including fines and possible jail time.

Continue reading to learn what they are, plus what you need to do right away if you were just released on bond for a resisting arrest charge in Indiana.

Resisting Arrest Attorneys Indianapolis IN 317-636-7514

What is Resisting an Arrest?

You are guilty of resisting an arrest by law enforcement officials when you knowingly or intentionally use force to resist an arrest or interfere with a police officer while they are legally performing their official duties. A person can be charged with resisting an arrest if they behave this way toward a person who is assisting a police officer too.

Other forms of resisting arrest include:

By force, resisting or interfering with official court services or authorized criminal processes. An example of this would be resisting a search warrant being executed by police or disrupting someone being served with legal documents.

Running away from law enforcement after a police officer identifies themselves and orders the person to stop for questioning. Cops can legally identify themselves to citizens audibly, visibly, or by turning on their emergency lights and sirens.

Resisting Arrest Laws in Indiana

The laws surrounding the act of resisting law enforcement is found in Indiana Code, Title 35, Article 44.1, Chapter 3, Section 35-44.1-3-1. Upon a guilty verdict, defendants may face several types of court-ordered penalties, including fines, community service, classroom education, rehabilitation, probation, ankle monitoring, and jail time.

The crime of resisting arrest is charged differently depending on the details and circumstances of the incident. Charges range anywhere between a Class A Misdemeanor to a Level 2 Felony.

Class A Misdemeanor:
Fines up to $5,000
Jail up to 1 Year

Level 2 Felony:
Fines up to $10,000
Jail up to 30 Years (Advisory Sentence of 17.5 Years)

Related Crimes One Might Be Charged With:

▶ Disarming a Law Enforcement Officer
▶ Refusal to Aid an Officer
▶ Escaping Law Enforcement

Because legalese is very complicated to comprehend, it is important to consult with a licensed criminal defense lawyer in Indianapolis to ensure you are fully educated on whatever charges you are facing in Indiana currently.

Are you looking for qualified criminal defense that can reduce or dismiss your resisting arrest charges in Indiana? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 for superior and aggressive Indianapolis criminal defense you can count on. We can meet over the phone, via online video conference, or in person at our office.

When Will I Make a Plea in My Criminal Case?

Posted on November 5, 2021 by admin

Criminal defendants in Indiana commonly want to know when they will have the opportunity to plead guilty or not guilty in the criminal case. Let’s start by briefly examining the different stages of a criminal case, including the point at which you are ordered to plea, convicted or acquitted, and sentenced if convicted. Continue below to get started.

Crime Lawyer Indianapolis IN 317-636-7514

The Common Order of Events in a Criminal Case

The common order of events in a criminal case are as follows: arrest, bail, arraignment, preliminary hearing, pretrial motion, trial, sentencing, and if applicable, appeals. Usually, the criminal defendant accepts a plea bargain from the prosecuting attorney, in which case all criminal proceedings basically come to an end. Accepting a plea bargain essentially means pleading guilty before a trial takes place.

Criminal Case Stages in Standard Order:

Arrest

State level criminal cases begin with an arrest, either on the spot or following an arrest warrant surrender. If suspected of federal charges, the criminal process begins with an indictment. Once the defendant is arrested, they are placed in custody at the local county jail or Sheriff’s office.

Bail

Once a defendant is placed in custody, they will be booked and processed into the jail’s database system by jail staff. If the defendant is arrested under the influence of drugs or alcohol, jail staff must wait at least eight hours to ensure the defendant is sober before getting started on booking them. Once the booking process is complete, the inmate is given the opportunity to post bail. Bail is usually set by a judge or other court officer between 24 and 48 hours of the arrest, but it can also be denied by the judge if certain factors apply.

Pursuant of Indiana Rules of Trial Procedure, local circuit court rules specifically state, “A person arrested and incarcerated without a warrant should be released from custody within forty-eight (48) hours of arrest unless a judicial determination of probable cause for arrest has been obtained or extraordinary circumstances exists which prohibit the holding of a hearing on probable cause within forty-eight (48) hours.”

Arraignment

If you were wondering when a defendant is given the opportunity to make a plea in their criminal case, the answer would be during their arraignment. At the arraignment, the judge will read the defendants their criminal charges, and then give them the opportunity to plead guilty or not guilty. A defendant’s arraignment is their first official court appearance. Typically, by this point they would have already hired a private criminal defense lawyer in Indianapolis. If not, the judge will give the defendant the opportunity to accept a public defender at this point in the criminal process.

Preliminary Hearing

The preliminary hearing, also known as the initial hearing or preliminary examination, is the next stage of the criminal process. In some cases, states will bring criminal charges by grand jury indictment. Federal cases are required to bring charges by grand jury indictment. During the preliminary hearing procedures, both the prosecution and defense legal teams will go back and forth questioning witnesses and the defendant. This hearing is used to establish probable cause. If the case gets dismissed because there is not enough evidence to support the criminal charges, it will happen at the preliminary hearing.

Pretrial Motion

Also known as a pretrial conference, this hearing takes place before the defendant’s trial hearing. It is simply a meeting between both the prosecuting attorneys and the defense attorneys, to discuss pre-trial motions and other trial-related issues. At this meeting, it will be decided if the case will go to trial, or if a plea bargain can be agreed upon instead. If a plea agreement is made, then a trial will not be needed.

Trial

Following the plea of guilty or not guilty, the defendant will be found one way or another at their trial. It is the prosecution’s responsibility, or burden, to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty of their alleged criminal charges. If prosecution fails to do so, the defendant will be found not guilty. Otherwise, the trial is when defendants are handed down a guilty verdict.

Sentencing

At the sentencing hearing, the defendant will learn what their penalties are for their convicted criminal charges. Common court-ordered penalties for guilty convictions include jail time, fines, probation, house arrest, ankle monitoring programs, drug or alcohol rehabilitation, educational courses, and more.

Appeals

If a defendant is found guilty at their trial, their criminal defense lawyer can file an appeal in appellate court to either reduce or turn around their client’s conviction, or to be given a retrial. Requesting an appeal means a defendant wants their case reviewed by a higher court to ensure authenticity and due diligence.

Are you looking for a skilled criminal defense lawyer to protect you from the maximum penalties for your criminal charges in Indiana? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 for superior and aggressive Indianapolis criminal defense you can count on. We can meet over the phone, via online video conference, or in person at our office.