Important Legal Terms for First-Time Criminal Offenders

Posted on October 11, 2023 by admin

Navigating the complex world of criminal law can be a daunting task for first-time offenders. Understanding the legal jargon, intricacies of criminal charges, and the profound implications they carry is crucial for anyone finding themselves on the wrong side of the law.

This blog post aims to demystify some important legal terms, offering a lifeline to those grappling with the unfamiliar terrain of criminal law. Our goal is to empower you with knowledge, thus helping you to understand the process you’re facing, and potentially assist you in making informed decisions about your legal situation.

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Criminal Law: A Brief Overview

Criminal law is a branch of the legal system that deals with offenses against society, involving acts that are deemed harmful or dangerous to others. This can range from minor infractions such as traffic violations to more severe crimes like murder and fraud. The purpose of criminal law is to maintain social order, protect individuals and property, and punish wrongdoers.

Criminal Charges: What You Need to Know

When someone is accused of committing a crime, they are considered to be facing criminal charges. These charges can take various forms, including misdemeanors and felonies. Misdemeanors are lesser offenses that carry a maximum punishment of up to one year in jail, while felonies are more severe crimes with potential sentences of more than one year in prison. In some cases, individuals may face multiple charges for a single incident, and each charge can carry its own set of penalties if convicted. It is important to hire a seasoned Indianapolis criminal defense lawyer to represent you in your case. With a retained attorney, you have the best chance of reducing or dismissing your criminal charges, thus avoiding the maximum penalties.

Important Legal Terms

Now that we have a basic understanding of criminal law and charges let’s delve into some essential legal terms you’ll encounter during your legal proceedings:

Arraignment: This is the initial court appearance where the defendant (the person accused of a crime) is formally charged and enters a plea.

Bail: A sum of money that can be paid to secure the release of an arrested individual before their trial. The amount of bail may vary depending on the severity of the charges and flight risk of the defendant.

Probation: A form of supervision where an individual is allowed to remain in the community under specific conditions instead of serving time in jail.

Plea Bargain: An agreement between the prosecution and defense where the defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge or receive a reduced sentence in exchange for giving up their right to a trial.

Statute of Limitations: The time frame in which criminal charges can be brought against an individual for a particular offense. Once the statute of limitations has passed, the defendant cannot be prosecuted.

Indictment: A formal accusation of a crime issued by a grand jury after reviewing evidence presented by the prosecution.

Conclusion

Being charged with a crime can be overwhelming and confusing, especially if it’s your first time facing the legal system. Understanding the basics of criminal law, charges, and important legal terms can help ease some of the stress and uncertainty you may be feeling. However, it’s crucial to seek professional legal advice from an experienced attorney to guide you through your specific case. Remember, knowledge is power, and being informed about your rights and options can make a significant difference in the outcome of your case. So, stay informed, stay safe!

You do not have to go through the legal system alone. Get a professional on your side who will fight for your rights and your freedoms. Contact Attorney David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to speak with a seasoned criminal defense lawyer in Indianapolis, Indiana. Our law firm will get you the best possible outcome to your criminal case!

Navigating the Legal System as a Defendant in a Criminal Case

Posted on February 22, 2023 by admin

Being accused of a criminal offense can be an overwhelming experience. Not only is your freedom at stake, but the legal system can be complicated and confusing. If you’re facing criminal charges, it’s important to understand what rights you have as a defendant and how to navigate the criminal justice system.

In this blog post, we will discuss the various steps involved in being charged with a crime and how best to defend yourself throughout each stage of the process. From understanding your rights during an arrest to filing appeals after sentencing, having knowledge about navigating through court proceedings is essential for protecting yourself from unjust or excessive penalties.

With proper guidance from experienced attorneys who specialize in criminal law, defendants can ensure that their interests are properly represented before they face any potential conviction or sentence imposed by the court. Continue below to get started.

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Know Your Charges Inside and Out

First and foremost, it is important to understand the specific criminal charges that you are facing. Depending on the nature of the offense, you may face state or federal charges and different levels of criminal punishment. If you’re uncertain about what type of crime has been charged against you and its associated penalties, seek legal advice from experienced attorneys who specialize in criminal law. Knowing your rights before any arrest also pays dividends when it comes to defending yourself against potential criminal proceedings. For example, defendants have a right not to answer any questions by police officers during an arrest, as well as a right to consult with an attorney prior to making any statements regarding the case.

How to Prepare For a Court Hearing

When appearing for court proceedings, defendants should dress appropriately and follow courtroom etiquette, as well as be prepared to provide any valid excuses for missing court dates if necessary. Being respectful to the judge and other court personnel is also important in order to present a favorable impression to the court. Additionally, defendants should keep themselves updated with the progress of their case by reading all documents sent by their attorneys and attending all hearings when required. If requested, defendants can file motions or petitions on their own behalf in order to make arguments that could potentially reduce criminal charges or sentences.

Sentencing Hearing

When it comes time for sentencing, defendants have the right to plead not guilty and request an appeal if they feel that they have been wrongfully convicted or sentenced too harshly. To do so, experienced attorneys specializing in criminal law can assist with filing grievances and taking the necessary steps in order for the court to grant an appeal.

Trust a Licensed Criminal Lawyer to Represent Your Rights at Trial

Navigating through criminal proceedings can be a daunting task, but having knowledge about your rights as the defendant and understanding how to defend yourself throughout each stage of the process can make all the difference when it comes to facing criminal charges. With proper guidance from experienced attorneys who specialize in criminal defense law, defendants will have assurance that their interests are properly represented and protected before any potential conviction or sentence is imposed by the court.

Are you looking for a qualified counselor who can aggressively defend your current criminal charges in Indiana? Contact Attorney David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to speak with a seasoned criminal defense lawyer in Indianapolis, Indiana. Our criminal attorneys will get you the best possible outcome to your criminal case!

What You Need to Know Before Going to Court for a Criminal Case

Posted on February 1, 2023 by admin

Going to court for a criminal case can be an intimidating experience, as the stakes are high and the outcome of your case may have serious consequences. It is important that you understand what to expect before entering the courtroom. With the help of a qualified criminal defense attorney, you can make sure that all aspects of your case are taken into consideration and that you receive fair treatment throughout the legal process.

In this blog post, we will discuss some key points to consider when going to court for a criminal case. We will cover topics such as how to find a good criminal defense lawyer, how to prepare for court proceedings, and other tips on navigating through this complex system. By equipping yourself with knowledge beforehand, you can feel confident in your ability to handle any situation during or after a trial.

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Criminal Court Tips for Defendants

Hire a Qualified Criminal Lawyer

When it comes to choosing a criminal defense attorney, it is important to do your research. A qualified attorney should be knowledgeable in all aspects of criminal law and have experience dealing with cases similar to yours. They should also be well-versed in the process of filing motions, preparing legal documents, negotiating plea deals, and representing you during court proceedings. Additionally, it is important to make sure that your attorney understands the seriousness of your charges and will work diligently on your behalf.

Prepare Yourself

Before going to court, it is wise to prepare as much as possible in order to ensure a successful outcome. Your criminal defense attorney can provide you with valuable advice on what steps to take, such as gathering evidence and witness testimonies, as well as filing motions to have evidence excluded from your case. It is also a good idea to be familiar with court procedures and understand what kind of questions you may be asked during trial.

Don’t Go About This Alone

Finally, it is important to remember that the criminal justice system can be complex and overwhelming at times. If you feel overwhelmed or confused at any point, it is important to seek help from a qualified Indiana criminal defense lawyer. With their expertise and experience, they can guide you through the process and provide you with the best possible outcome for your case.

Get Knowledgeable About the Criminal Court Process

Going to court for a criminal case can be an intimidating experience but arming yourself with knowledge beforehand can help alleviate some of that fear. By finding a qualified criminal defense lawyer, preparing for court proceedings, and seeking help when necessary, you can feel confident in your ability to handle any situation that arises during or after your trial. With the right preparation and support, you can take control of your case and pursue the outcome you desire.

Get your future and your freedoms aligned with success by protecting yourself after an arrest. Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to schedule a meeting with our experienced Indianapolis criminal defense law firm. We can hold meetings over the phone or in person at our Indy-based office.

When Will I Make a Plea in My Criminal Case?

Posted on November 5, 2021 by admin

Criminal defendants in Indiana commonly want to know when they will have the opportunity to plead guilty or not guilty in the criminal case. Let’s start by briefly examining the different stages of a criminal case, including the point at which you are ordered to plea, convicted or acquitted, and sentenced if convicted. Continue below to get started.

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The Common Order of Events in a Criminal Case

The common order of events in a criminal case are as follows: arrest, bail, arraignment, preliminary hearing, pretrial motion, trial, sentencing, and if applicable, appeals. Usually, the criminal defendant accepts a plea bargain from the prosecuting attorney, in which case all criminal proceedings basically come to an end. Accepting a plea bargain essentially means pleading guilty before a trial takes place.

Criminal Case Stages in Standard Order:

Arrest

State level criminal cases begin with an arrest, either on the spot or following an arrest warrant surrender. If suspected of federal charges, the criminal process begins with an indictment. Once the defendant is arrested, they are placed in custody at the local county jail or Sheriff’s office.

Bail

Once a defendant is placed in custody, they will be booked and processed into the jail’s database system by jail staff. If the defendant is arrested under the influence of drugs or alcohol, jail staff must wait at least eight hours to ensure the defendant is sober before getting started on booking them. Once the booking process is complete, the inmate is given the opportunity to post bail. Bail is usually set by a judge or other court officer between 24 and 48 hours of the arrest, but it can also be denied by the judge if certain factors apply.

Pursuant of Indiana Rules of Trial Procedure, local circuit court rules specifically state, “A person arrested and incarcerated without a warrant should be released from custody within forty-eight (48) hours of arrest unless a judicial determination of probable cause for arrest has been obtained or extraordinary circumstances exists which prohibit the holding of a hearing on probable cause within forty-eight (48) hours.”

Arraignment

If you were wondering when a defendant is given the opportunity to make a plea in their criminal case, the answer would be during their arraignment. At the arraignment, the judge will read the defendants their criminal charges, and then give them the opportunity to plead guilty or not guilty. A defendant’s arraignment is their first official court appearance. Typically, by this point they would have already hired a private criminal defense lawyer in Indianapolis. If not, the judge will give the defendant the opportunity to accept a public defender at this point in the criminal process.

Preliminary Hearing

The preliminary hearing, also known as the initial hearing or preliminary examination, is the next stage of the criminal process. In some cases, states will bring criminal charges by grand jury indictment. Federal cases are required to bring charges by grand jury indictment. During the preliminary hearing procedures, both the prosecution and defense legal teams will go back and forth questioning witnesses and the defendant. This hearing is used to establish probable cause. If the case gets dismissed because there is not enough evidence to support the criminal charges, it will happen at the preliminary hearing.

Pretrial Motion

Also known as a pretrial conference, this hearing takes place before the defendant’s trial hearing. It is simply a meeting between both the prosecuting attorneys and the defense attorneys, to discuss pre-trial motions and other trial-related issues. At this meeting, it will be decided if the case will go to trial, or if a plea bargain can be agreed upon instead. If a plea agreement is made, then a trial will not be needed.

Trial

Following the plea of guilty or not guilty, the defendant will be found one way or another at their trial. It is the prosecution’s responsibility, or burden, to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty of their alleged criminal charges. If prosecution fails to do so, the defendant will be found not guilty. Otherwise, the trial is when defendants are handed down a guilty verdict.

Sentencing

At the sentencing hearing, the defendant will learn what their penalties are for their convicted criminal charges. Common court-ordered penalties for guilty convictions include jail time, fines, probation, house arrest, ankle monitoring programs, drug or alcohol rehabilitation, educational courses, and more.

Appeals

If a defendant is found guilty at their trial, their criminal defense lawyer can file an appeal in appellate court to either reduce or turn around their client’s conviction, or to be given a retrial. Requesting an appeal means a defendant wants their case reviewed by a higher court to ensure authenticity and due diligence.

Are you looking for a skilled criminal defense lawyer to protect you from the maximum penalties for your criminal charges in Indiana? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 for superior and aggressive Indianapolis criminal defense you can count on. We can meet over the phone, via online video conference, or in person at our office.

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FAQS About Being a Witness in a Criminal Case

Posted on July 28, 2021 by admin

Criminal cases at any level are serious, as they can significantly alter the course of your life and negatively impact your pursuit of happiness. For this reason, it is important to be prepared for your criminal case by retaining a skilled defense lawyer, especially if you must testify or have witnesses at your trial. Even if you have been subpoenaed to testify in another person’s criminal case, it is wise to be prepared, as court hearings are very serious matters.

Whether testifying at another’s trial or your own, continue below to review some frequently asked questions about being a witness in a criminal case, and who to trust for aggressive criminal defense that can preserve your rights and freedoms.

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Frequently Asked Questions About Trial Testimonies

What To Do After Receiving a Subpoena

If you were subpoenaed to be a witness at another defendant’s criminal case, be sure to take it seriously by responding according to instructions and within the allotted time period. Although subpoenas are usually prepared by the lawyers, a judge can be offended and provoked if you ignore one. As a result, the judge can take a personal interest in you and pursue penal action. The first thing to do upon receiving a subpoena is to contact a lawyer. If you already work with a lawyer or have worked with a trusted one in the past, contact them and inform them of the subpoena.

How Can I Be a Good Trial Witness?

First and foremost, always be honest. Perjury is a felony, so be sure your testimony is truthful, intelligent, and non-misleading. If you are caught lying, you can face criminal charges for perjury. Furthermore, dress business casual, be on time, and maintain a calm and polite composure. Avoid using bad or offensive language, and only speak when spoken to. If you are testifying at your own trial, always take your lawyers advice and follow their instructions.

Can a Child Be a Witness in a Criminal Case?

In the case that you have witnesses at your trial, whether in support of proving your innocence or guilt, there is a possibility that it can be a child or juvenile minor. Each state has their own laws regarding child witnesses, including age requirements. From these varying laws, the common denominator is that every witness, regardless of age, must be competent and able to testify at trial. This same prerequisite applies to children. A child must be deemed to have sufficient intelligence, be able to remember and describe events, answer questions clearly, and know the difference between truth and lies.

Can I Get Immunity For Being a Witness?

Immunity is basically a “hall pass” or “get out of jail free card” for a person who is charged with or suspected of a minor crime. In exchange for vital information and testimony that will help prosecute a more high-profile criminal, a prosecutor will not move forward with charging a suspect. But, not every is offered immunity. Immunity is typically reserved for more high-profile cases and long-standing investigations. Common cases that might involve an offer of immunity include crime bosses, drug traffickers, smugglers/black-marketers, white collar fraud, sex trafficking, and similar serious crime enterprises.

Can I Be a Witness in My Own Criminal Case?

Although most criminal lawyers will recommend that you do not testify at your trial, there are times when a defendant’s personal testimony can be a good strategy for the defense. If this is the case for your own trial, there are some rules to follow. In addition to being honest with the courts and opposing lawyers during your testimony, it is equally important to do the same with your own criminal defense lawyer. They must know everything in order to build an impenetrable defense against your criminal charges. They cannot do their best to protect your interests if you are not entirely forthcoming with them about the information you have on case details.

Are you looking for an experienced and aggressive defense lawyer who won’t let you be subjected to the maximum penalties for your Indiana criminal charges? Contact the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to connect with one of our esteemed criminal defense attorneys in Indianapolis, Indiana. We can meet over the phone, via online video conference, or in person at our office.

You Might Also Read:

The Top Three Rules for Testifying in Court
The Importance of Witness Depositions in a Criminal Case
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What is the Difference Between Aggravating and Mitigating Factors?

Posted on November 20, 2020 by admin

It is common knowledge that magistrates of the court have extensive discretion when handing down criminal sentences. Although there are advisory sentences in almost all states, the judge has the ultimate say in how a convicted criminal will serve their sentence. But what sways the mind of a judge when deciding on how to sentence someone? What influences their final decision? Well, there are various factors that courts and judges use to determine a fair and fitting sentence for the type of conviction and particular person. Two of the most influential, however, are mitigating factors and aggravating factors.

Continue below to learn the difference between mitigating factors and aggravating factors, and where to turn for help with your pending criminal charges.

Aggravating Factors are Not to a Defendant’s Advantage

Aggravating factors are any elements of a criminal case that make the crime worse. Basically, there are types of criminal offenses that are particularly reckless, careless, cruel, or otherwise heinous in some way. If a judge observes aggravating circumstances to your criminal case, it is not a good thing. Fortunately, you have wisely chosen to hire private Indianapolis criminal defense lawyer to protect your rights, minimize your penalties, and keep you out of jail. If you have a public defender, you are gravely at risk of being sentenced to the maximum penalties for your crime and all relevant aggravating factors. There are 11 aggravating circumstances decreed by statute here in Indiana.

Examples of Aggravating Factors:

✏ Having a history of criminal or delinquent behaviors

✏ Causing harm, injury, loss, or damage to another

✏ Knowingly committing a crime in the presence of children or minors

✏ Committing a crime after violating probation or parole

Mitigating Factors are Beneficial to a Defendant’s Case

Oppositely, mitigating factors are any elements or circumstances of a criminal case that lessen the severity of the offense. But similar to aggravating factors, there are 11 mitigating circumstances decreed by state statute. For instance, if a person committed a crime as a result of extreme provocation, has no history of criminal activity or delinquent behavior, or the crime did not result in bodily or property damage, a judge might consider these as mitigating circumstances.

To reach a sentencing decision, judges typically take into account the total number of mitigating circumstances versus any aggravating ones. However, they also consider the difference in weight. Depending on which factors outweigh the others, a judge will choose to reduce or increase a defendant’s sentence. With a seasoned criminal defense attorney on your side, you don’t have to worry about being sentenced to the maximum penalties for your charges. Be sure to hire one as soon as you are released from jail, or receive a notice of indictment.

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FAQS About What Might Happen in Criminal Court

Posted on October 20, 2020 by admin

If you are currently facing criminal charges in Indiana, it is likely that you are anxiously awaiting your trial hearing. And just like many others in your position, you have questions and concerns about the state and federal criminal court process, as well as the potential outcomes you face. To give you some peace of mind, continue reading to learn some answers to the most frequently asked questions about criminal court and the possible outcomes. This may relieve your anxiety while awaiting your court date.

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Frequently Asked Questions About Trial

⚖ What Will Happen if I Miss My Court Date?

Missing your court date is a serious offense. Not only does it impede your current case, it tacks on a separate criminal charge that comes with additional penalties. In rare cases, a criminal attorney can waive the penalties for a missed court date if there is sufficient evidence that the client had no choice (i.e. emergency hospital stay, serious accident, etc.) A death in the family, work, and other similar life occurrences are not acceptable excuses to the court.

⚖ What are the Possible Outcomes in Criminal Court?

Because there are so many different types of charges, the outcomes vary greatly. It all depends on a defendant’s charges, criminal history, the state, and many other factors. Some common outcomes include guilty verdict, not guilty verdict, charges dropped, charges dismissed, charges reduced, mistrials, and more.

⚖ What Will Happen if I Plead Guilty?

You should only plead guilty if it is recommended by your criminal lawyer for the purpose of a plea bargain with the state prosecutor. Pleading guilty will mean you admit to committing the crime, understand the charges and the guilty plea, and waive your right to trial jury. Upon pleading guilty, you can expect to have a sentencing hearing scheduled with a few weeks or months. During your sentencing hearing, the judge will hand down your sentence, penalties, and court orders.

⚖ What Will Happen if I am Found Not Guilty?

You will have it on your record that you were charged with the crime, but never convicted. However, you may be able to have the charged expunged from your criminal record. Upon being found not guilty, you will be released from custody and court supervision, and you cannot be convicted of the same crime later on.

⚖ What Will Happen if I Plead No Contest?

Pleading no contest is not allowed in all states. When defendants enter a no contest plea, or nolo contender, it means they are not admitting guilt to the crime in question, but they surrender to the court’s punishment. Although the defendant does not admit guilt, they are still sentenced as if they are guilty.

⚖ What Happens After a Mistrial?

The defense lawyer or prosecutor can motion the court for a mistral for several reasons, including juror misconduct, inability to reach a verdict, law enforcement errors, and more. If granted, prosecution can sometimes retry the case. But most often, it puts defendants in a double-jeopardy situation, so it is not retried.

⚖ What Happens if All Charges are Dropped?

If your charges are dropped, you will not go to trial. The prosecutor drops charges for several reasons, including inadmissible evidence, lack of evidence, uncooperative victims, and more. Although your criminal record won’t show an actual conviction, it will show that you were once charged with the crime. In this case, you may qualify to have it expunged from your record.

How Do I Avoid the Maximum Sentence for My Indiana Criminal Charges?

Call the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to schedule a free initial consultation with aggressive Indiana criminal defense attorney who will stop at nothing to protect your rights and preserve your freedoms. With decades of hands-on experience, you can trust Attorney David E. Lewis to build you a strong and impactful defense against your Indiana criminal charges.

How Your Sentence Will Be Determined as a Defendant Facing Criminal Charges

Posted on June 16, 2020 by admin

When it comes to facing criminal charges, the most important factor is the skill and expertise of your defense. In fact, this is exactly why it is vital to retain a private lawyer, rather than a public defender. However, your lawyer is not the only factor that matters. Courts, namely judges, rely on several factors to help them determine what a defendant’s sentence will be. If you are currently awaiting an upcoming court hearing for a recent arrest, this information should be at the top of your priority list.

Continue reading to how judges base their rulings in criminal court, and the one single task you can do to avoid the maximum penalties for your criminal charges.

Levels of Criminal Charges and Wobblers

In Indiana, all crimes can be categorized into three types of offenses: Felonies, misdemeanors, and infractions. Felonies are divided into 7 categories in Indiana, from Level 1 to Level 6, and Murder. Level 6 felony crimes are the least serious type of felony, and are commonly referred to as “wobblers” since they can most often be reduced to Class A Misdemeanors. Similarly, Misdemeanors are divided into three “classes”, from Class A Misdemeanors, being the most serious, to Class C Misdemeanors, the least serious. Just like Level 6 Felonies, Class C Misdemeanors can also be wobblers.

Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances

So, how does a judge decide whether to “wobble” a charge or not? As mentioned before, there are several factors they will consider when making this decision. These factors are known as aggravating and mitigating circumstances. Aggravating circumstances are elements of a crime that make the offense more atrocious, or worse in the eyes of the public. Mitigating circumstances are elements of a crime that, in some way, minimize the severity of the offense when compared to other similar crimes.

There are also statutory and enumerated circumstances that judges will look at when deciding on an ultimate sentence for a convicted criminal. Let’s discuss statutory and enumerated circumstances in an upcoming blog, so be sure to check back soon!

Where to Get Trusted Indianapolis Criminal Defense and Legal Advice

Call the Law Office of David E. Lewis at 317-636-7514 to schedule a free initial consultation with aggressive Indiana criminal defense lawyer who will stop at nothing to protect your rights and preserve your freedoms. With decades of hands-on experience, you can trust Attorney David E. Lewis to build you a strong and impactful defense against your Indiana criminal charges. Here at The Law Office of David E. Lewis, we are ready to be your number-one advocate through this difficult time in your life. Trust our legal professionals to develop a strong defense for your case and work around the clock to place you in the best position possible following an arrest, charge, or conviction.